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Man-Computer Symbiosis is a work by J.C.R. Licklider, which was published during the year 1960. 〔(T. Messbarger ) - (Short-Biography of J.C.R. Licklider ) published by Ohio University (2015-08-08 )〕 ==Overview== Man-computer symbiosis is known to have been cited as a fundamental or key text of the modern computing revolution. The work describes something of Lickliders' vision for a complementary (symbiotic) relationship between humans and computers at a potential time of the future. According to ''Bardini'', Licklider envisioned a future time when machine cognition (''cerebration'') would surpass and become independent of human direction, as a basic stage of development within human evolution. ''Jacucci'' gives the description of Lickliders' vision as being the ''very tight coupling of human brains and computing machines'' (c.f. ''brain'', the term ''cohesion'' & the general definitions of the term ''coupling''). 〔T. Bardini - (Bootstrapping: Douglas Engelbart, Coevolution, and the Origins of Personal Computing ) Stanford University Press 2000, 284 pages, ISBN 0804738718 (2015-08-08 )〕〔 As a necessary ''pre-requisite'' of human-computer symbiosis, Licklider conceived of a thing known as the ''Thinking centre''. Altogether these things were pre-conditions for the development of networks. 〔K. Fuchs-Kittowski - (Social Informatics: An Information Society for All? In Remembrance of Rob Kling: Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference 'Human Choice and Computers' (HCC7), IFIP TC 9, Maribor, Slovenia, September 21-23, 2006 (p.436) ) published Springer 15 Jan 2007, 490 pages (editors - J. Berleur, M.I. Nurminen, J. Impagliazzo), ISBN 0387378766, ''Volume 223 of IFIP Advances in Information and Communication Technology'' (2015-08-08 )〕 ''Streeter'' identifies as the main empirical element of the work as the time and motion analysis, which is shown under Part 3 of the work. In addition he identified two reasons for Licklider to have considered such a concept as a ''symbiotic human computer relationship'' at all as beneficial, to be firstly, for it might bring about an advantage emerging from the use of a computer, such that there are similarities with the necessary methodology of such a use (i.e. ''trial and error''), to the methodology of problem solving through play, and secondarily, because of the advantage which results from using computers in situations of battle. 〔 ''Foster'' states Licklider sought to promote computer use in order to:〔I. Foster - (''Human-Machine Symbiosis, 50 Years On'' ) Computational Institute, Argonne National Laboratory Department of Computer Science, University of Chicago (2015-08-12 )〕 As his personal motivating force, Streeter considers Licklider to be positing an escape from the limitations of the current mode of computer use during his time, namely batch processing. Russell thinks Licklider was stimulated by an encounter with the newly developed PDP-1. 〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Man-Computer Symbiosis」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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